Synchronous Reluctance Modèles numériques Optimal design Piezoelectric actuators Maxwell equations Sub-differential Simulation Steel sheet Optimization Analytical modeling Shooting method Torque Motor Finite elements Décharges partielles Additive manufacturing Lorentz force law Sensitivity Analysis Boundary integral equations Numerical model Numerical simulation PDE-constrained optimization GROUND WAVE PROPAGATION Shape-memory Alloys Actuators Design Thermic process Magnetic scalar potential Global optimization Control Piezoelectric energy harvester Modèles analytiques Piézoélectricité Actionneurs Iron losses Axial flux machines Post-buckled beams Turbulence HYBRIDIZATION Analytical model Magnetic coupling Accouplement magnétique PIV Shear layer Electric motor Branch&Bound Wings Partial discharges Magnetic field Electrical machines Bistability FDTD Topology optimization Adjoint Method Smart materials Energy harvesting Rosen type transformer Interval arithmetic Topology Optimization Electric Motors Permanent Magnet Force sensor Magnetic Flux Leakage Optimization algorithms Magnetostatics Moteur électrique Modeling PROBLEM OF SOMMERFELD Finite element method Modélisation Piezoelectricity Time-resolved PIV Nonlinear modeling Electromechanical actuator Electromechanical impedance Optimal control Ironless Inverse Problem Aerodynamics Torque Paschen Hysteresis Shape memory alloys Electroactive morphing Piezoelectric transformer Play model Inverse problem Relaxation method Morphing Electromagnetism Exact global optimization Dynamic lumped model SIMP method Heat transfer enhancement Optimisation Eddy currents Branch and Bound Algorithm Deterministic global optimization Conception Hysterons Minor loops